|
A National Olympic Committee (NOC) of the Saarland〔''14–17 May 1950: The Olympic Committee of the Federal Republic of West Germany is provisionally accepted at the 45th IOC Session in Copenhagen after a supporting letter from the High Commissioner in the FRG, Sir Hugh Robertson, is read out by Lord David Burghley. A decision as to the participation of the Germans at the 1952 Games is to be made later. At this session the foundation of the NOC for the Saarland is recognized founded in spring 1950.'' - Journal of Olympic History, ''FOUNDATION DATES OF THE GERMAN OLYMPIC COMMITTEE, by a Working Group of the Karl Diem Archive, Köln, Walter Borgers, Karl Lennartz, Dietrich R. Quanz, Walter Teutenberg'' ()〕 was founded in spring of 1950 in the ''Saar protectorate'' which existed from 1947 to 1956 (German state of Saarland since), a region of Western Germany that was (again) occupied in 1945 by France. As a separate team, they only took part in the 1952 Summer Olympics before being allowed to rejoin the German team for the summer games of 1956. 36 competitors, 31 men and 5 women, took part in 32 events in 9 sports.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Saar at the 1952 Helsinki Summer Games )〕 ==History== Just as after World War I Saarland had initially been disallowed from uniting with the Weimar Republic and remained under military occupation for several years after the war, after World War II the Saarland was not allowed to become part of the Federal Republic of Germany which was founded in May 1949. On the other hand, the area's annexation by France was prohibited by the other Allies and the Atlantic Charter's points 2 and 3. As the local population did not want to join France, separate international organisations were founded, like the Saarland football team, and in 1950 a NOC, in German called ''Nationales Olympisches Komitee des Saarlandes''.〔''1950–1957 Nationales Olympisches Komitee des Saarlandes'', in ''Nationales Olympisches Komitee (NOK) für Deutschland - Geschichte, Struktur, Aufgaben und Arbeitsweise'' (uni-leipzig.de )〕 The region, in which the Dollberg at 695 metres is the highest mountain, did not send athletes to Oslo for the 1952 Winter Olympics due to a lack of competitive athletes in winter sports. Having a recorded history of over 500 years of coal mining, the Saarland donated a miner's safety lamp〔Official Report, p. 103〕〔The ''Flame travelled by air in a miner's lamp presented for the purpose by the National Olympic Committee of the Saar'', photo aboard airplane, Official report p. 208〕 in which the flame of the torch relay of the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki could be carried safely aboard airplanes. At the opening ceremony, 36〔Olympische Spiele 1896-1996, Ein deutsches Politikum. Agenda Verlag Münster, 1996.〕 or as reported by the Chefs de Mission on the preceding evening, 41〔Official Report, p. 221〕 athletes from the Saarland marched in ahead〔Official Report, p. 236, photos of teams presenting signs in Finnish language: RUOTSI (Sweden), SAAR (Saarland), SAKSA (Germany), SINGAPORE〕 of the team of Germany, which is called "Saksa" in the Finnish language. The team, which is listed in the official report with a maximum strength of 44 men and 6 women 〔Official Report, p. 98〕 and with 71 competitors, 16 officials, 11 spectators for a total of 98〔Official Report, p. 192〕 did not win a medal and was ranked a joint 44th among a total of 69 teams. Following a referendum in October 1955 that overwhelmingly rejected the Saar statute proposing Saar independence as a "European territory", its people were thus voting indirectly in favor of accession to the Federal Republic of Germany. The subsequent Saar Treaty of October 1956 allowed the Saarland to rejoin Germany effective as of 1 January 1957. Even though theoretically possible, no separate Saarland teams were sent to the 1956 games, as a Unified Team of Germany comprising athletes of all three German states took part for the first and only time. Thus 1952 was the first and only Olympic appearance of the Saarland as a separate German team. The ''Olympic Committee of the Saarland'' 〔''1950 February 1957: Formal disbanding of the Olympic Committee of the Saarland.'', in ''Nationales Olympisches Komitee (NOK) für Deutschland - Geschichte, Struktur, Aufgaben und Arbeitsweise'' (uni-leipzig.de )〕 formally dissolved itself in February 1957 as its members, like other separate institutions of the Saarland, became part of their German counterparts. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Saar at the 1952 Summer Olympics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|